Why did the Nazis treatment of the Jews change from 1939-45 Essay Example

Why did the Nazis treatment of the Jews change from 1939 Why did the Nazis treatment of the Jews change from 1939-45 Essay Why did the Nazis treatment of the Jews change from 1939-45 Essay Essay Topic: History The invasion of Poland in September 1939 led Britain and France to declare war on Germany. This acted as a catalyst for change in the treatment of the Jews. The conquest of Poland brought more than 3 million polish Jews under nazi rule, as this was the country with the highest Jewish population. In fact the polish city of Warsaw alone had a larger Jewish population than the whole German Reich. Naturally, the situation grew worse as German captured more land, they found more Jews and this meant that step by step more countries could be occupied in the same way, hence more Jews being exterminated. The Jews, which had been captured in Poland, were heavily terrorised with public humiliation, beatings and random killings. They were also driven into crowded ghettos in an area of Poland known as the general government. To mark them out, Jews were made to wear a yellow Star of David. Between the periods of 1939 -45, the Nazis dominated most of Europe and created 356 ghettos in Poland, the Soviet Union, the Baltic States, Czechoslovakia, Romania and Hungary. This is because they believed, that Jews were a disease and a permanent threat to the Aryan race, and they were ready to take any action, which could make the areas under their control Jew-free. With all the countries occupied, the Germans knew all the Europeans Jews could now be watched. Therefore the Jews became prisoners inside Europe and anywhere they went they could get captured. However, this soon became a problem, because the soldiers assigned to watch them in the ghettos, were becoming outnumbered as the number of Jews doubled rapidly. The soldiers also became involved in the war with the allies at the time, therefore the number of soldiers decreased. So the question is what could be done with the Jews? The initial solution to the Jewish problem was ghettoriasation. This meant that Jews were deported to large ghettoes away from the Aryans, where they could not infect the blood of the so-called Aryans. However, it is important to note that at this point in time the ghettoes were not death camps, they were as the name suggests, buildings concentrated with Jews in an area, which the nazis could manage. Yet in camps like these many people were starved to death, some rotted away while others died of dieses. Many commanders raped women in the camps, and others were used as guinea pigs in scientific experiments. However, as suggested above this solution could no longer operate as well due to the low number of soldiers available. Therefore, the Nazis considered the possibility of forcing all Jews to emigrate. One plan was to create a Jewish homeland somewhere in Eastern Europe. Another was to send all the Jews to Madagascar, a French island off the coast of southern Africa. But in 1941 both these options were discarded by a simpler, more direct plan for ending the Jewish problem, this was known as the final solution. In 1941, the Nazis invaded the Soviet Union. In the path of the invasion lay the countries of Ukraine and Byelorussia, namely part of the Baltic States, which contained about 5 million Jews. Before the invasion, Hitler gave out orders to his generals that they were to be merciless to the Slavs and doubly merciless towards Slav communists. He also said that special SS units known as the Einsatzgruppen were to shoot all communist. But the real order given to the SS units was to exterminate all soviet Jews. What followed could only be described as the brutal, in humane mass murder of the Jews. This killing took place on a massive scale. At Babi Yar outside Kiev in September 1941, over 33,000 Jews were massacred in two days. They were forced to stand and watch as row upon row of men, women and children were lined up along the edge of the ravine and systematically shot do that their bodies fell into depths which the Jews themselves were made to dig. In this way they were made to dig their own graves. Originally the executions at Babi Yar were carried out by mobile killing squads, called the SS, however it was not soon before they became emotionally distressed an traumatised by the pleading cries of Jewish children and women. Therefore, Himmmler came up with a plan that could systematically kill the jews in minutes. He introduced the idea of extermination camps, which could kill jews in minutes. The first death camp was set up in Chelmo in December 1941, a month before the wanasee conference. The death camp was responsible for the mass murder of Jews, anti -Nazis, gypsies and the mentally ill. Polish jews were targeted first, where gas vans were used to kill them, the exhaust was turned back into the van so that they died of Carbon monoxide poisoning while being driven to mass graves. Other Jews met a similar fate however they were deceived into getting into trucks where they were told to have a shower. However when the taps were turned on gas was released instead of water. Carbon monoxide was also used in gas chambers constructed between autumn 1941 and spring 1942 at belzec. At autschwitz, and extermination camp, and insecticide called zyklon -b was used for killing. It is important to understand that the systematic killing of the Jews with gas had not yet been made official at the wannsee conference, in fact many of the acts stated above, were merely experiments. At the Wannsee conference, that took place on January 20 1942, was where the German civil servants and the SS functionaries met and together tried to derive a plan on what could be done to the 14 million Jews in Europe. A man called Heydrich headed the conference. It became obvious that the rising number of Jews was too much for the Nazis to deal with, as they could not spare any soldiers due to the war. Heydrick decided that those who were fit enough to do so, would be appointed to work for the German industry while others who were not would be escorted to death camps in Poland and Austria, here they would be killed by gas. Poland was a popular choice for these camps as the country consisted of a large Jewish population. the final solution added to the terror that Jews were already facing. No longer were jews allowed to move out of areas under nazi control. They were now being dent to death camps. The Nazis did everything in their power to keep the extermination programme a secret. Therefore the death camps were located in remote areas in the East. However most people knew that Jews were being deported eastwards. But the Nazis never used such words as extermination or killing. Instead, they used code word such final solution and evacuation. This secret however was revealed in mid 1944. It is fair to say that the change in the treatment of the Nazis may not have taken place, if the allied nations had not declared war on Germany. Firstly, because there would have been more soldiers and so there might not have been a need to establish gas chambers an therefore many more Jews would have been saved. Also, Hitler had openly threatened that if the allied nations resisted Germanys invasion of Europe, than Hitler would hold the Jews hostage and as a result many Jews were unable to leave Europe and became prisoners in their own country.

Updated List Colleges With the Highest SAT Scores

Updated List Colleges With the Highest SAT Scores SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’ve already taken the SAT, you know it will likely be an important component of your college applications. Maybe you've set a goal score for yourself based on the types of colleges you’re interested in. Even if you haven’t taken the SAT yet or are still considering whether to take it, you probably want to know more about what the most competitive colleges and universities expect when it comes to applicants’ standardized test scores. I’ve compiled a list of colleges with the highest average SAT scores for admitted students. You’ll be able to compare your own SAT scores (or goal scores) with those of top colleges and universities. I’ll also talk about what these rankings actually mean so that you can interpret this information effectively. For example, are these schools the best schools you can attend? Are they the most competitive? What do you do if your SAT scores are below the listed averages? Read on for a list of the top schools ranked by SAT score, and answers to the above questions! Colleges With the Highest SAT Scores: Rankings Let's get right to the good stuff: the list! The colleges below are ranked by mean (average) composite SAT score for admitted students.We've also included the mean scores for each SAT section: Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW) and Math. Rank School EBRW Math Composite 1 California Institute of Technology (Caltech) 780 790 1560 2 Duke University 760 780 1540 2 Harvard University 770 770 1540 2 University of Chicago 770 780 1540 2 Yale University 770 770 1540 3 Columbia University 760 770 1530 3 Vanderbilt University 770 780 1530 4 Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering 750 770 1520 4 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) 750 780 1520 4 Princeton University 760 770 1520 4 Stanford University 760 770 1520 5 Harvey Mudd College 740 780 1510 5 Johns Hopkins University 750 760 1510 5 Northwestern University 760 770 1510 5 Rice University 750 770 1510 5 University of Pennsylvania 750 760 1510 5 Washington University in St. Louis 760 770 1510 6 Amherst College 750 750 1500 6 Bowdoin College 750 750 1500 6 Brown University 750 750 1500 6 Dartmouth College 740 750 1500 6 Pomona College 740 750 1500 7 Carnegie Mellon University 740 760 1490 7 Swarthmore College 740 740 1490 7 Tufts University 740 750 1490 7 University of Notre Dame 740 750 1490 7 Webb Institute 740 770 1490 7 Williams College 750 730 1490 8 Carleton College 740 740 1480 8 Cornell University 740 760 1480 If you want more detailed information about admissions statistics (and where you happen to fit) for any of the above schools, click the link to take you to that specific school's admissions page.On this page, you can look at average SAT scores as well as estimate your chances of getting in by entering your test scores and GPA. If you want SAT score information for other schools not listed above, simply search for "[School Name] PrepScholar admissions" on Google. The list above won't mean much without a Rosetta Stone of SAT scores. How Do You Interpret These SAT Rankings? Hopefully, you nowhave an idea of the highest expectations schools can have for students' SAT scores. This information isn't that helpful, though, if you don't know how students tend to perform on the exam. The SAT iscurrently scored out of 1600 points: 800 points possible for the Math section, and 800 points possible for the EBRW section. Currently, the average composite SAT score is 1060. In general, a student is considered to have an excellent SAT score if she is in the top 25% of test takers. To fall within this category, you'd needa composite score of around 1200or higher. On the other hand, a student is considered to have a low SAT score if he is in the bottom 25% of test takers, with a composite score around 910 or lower. Read our guide to learn more about how to think about "good" or "bad" SAT scores. Are These Really the Top Schools? The average SAT scores listed for the schools above are much higher than the overall average - in fact, some of them are pretty close to perfect. Butif a school has dizzyingly high average SAT scores, does this mean it's necessarily a top school? In a sense, yes. Schools that attract the strongest applicants tend to do so because they have excellent reputations and offer strong undergraduate programs. When schools have a stronger student body - undergraduateswith very high SAT scores, for example - they tend to build up a positive reputation and get more competitive as a result. It's a positive feedback loop: strong students with strong SAT scores continue to attract strong students with strong SAT scores. Many of the schools on the list above are ranked on well-known "best colleges and universities" lists, like the one that US News World Report publishes each year. These ranking systems aren't perfect, but they do take many quantifiable factors into account (besides just standardized test scores) when evaluating US schools. You’ll notice, for example, that all of the Ivy League schools are on this list.These schools have such high average SAT scores because they are well-reputed enough to attract students with exceptionalscores. A small side note: you might have noticed a trend in the scores that made you pause. Several of the schools listed tend to have higher Math averages than EBRW averages. Quite a few of these schools are heavy in STEM fields (science, technology, engineering, math);these sorts of schools may weight test scores more heavily in the application process than your average liberal arts institution, which could account in part for their high test averages. With thatsaid,it’s important to note that the best school you can attend isthe school that’s the best fit for you. Perhaps you’re interested in schools with strong Romance-language departments, core curriculums, or generous financial aid programs. The reality is, not all of the schools listed above will meet every student’s criteria. What’s most important to your success in college and beyond is that you find an institution that is able to support and foster your interests, passions, and future career path. You wouldn’t list a school renowned for its engineering program as your top choice, for instance, if you wanted to major in comparative literature! Are These Schools Really the Most Competitive? The way you gauge a school's competitivenessis by looking at its acceptance rate.The greater theratio of student applicants to spots in a new freshman class, the lower a school's acceptance rate will be. Schoolsare defined as competitive if many students are vying for a limited number of spots. In terms of acceptance rates, many of the schools above are some of the most competitive in the country. Several have acceptance rates of less than 10%.There are some equally competitive niche institutionsnot included on the list, such as Cooper Union, the US Naval Academy, the US Military Academy, and Alice Lloyd College - all of which have extremely low acceptance rates. In sum, the top schools ranked by SAT scores do tend to be competitive, but they're not the only institutions with very low acceptance rates. Just because you're lagging behind the group doesn't mean you won't have an opportunity to catch up. What If Your SAT Scores Fall Below the Listed Averages? Do You Still Have a Chance of Getting In? So what do you do if you're trying to get into a very competitive school, but your scores don't measure up? In order to be a competitive applicant,you’ll have to make up for that perceived weakness elsewhere in your application. You can do this, for example, by earning an exceptionally high GPA or making an impressive commitment to community service. Admissions officers consider students' applications holistically - meaning that they don't just focus on standardized test scores. The extent to which you have to "make up" for a low test score with other parts of your application depends on how far you fall below the school's average. At an elite school, it's unlikely you'll get in with very low SAT scores, even if the rest of your application is strong. So how do you know whether your scores fall below a dangerous threshold? Because the scores above are averages, you know that about half of all accepted students will have SAT scores lower than the ones listed. You can also access information on the â€Å"middle 50† for each school - i.e., the scores at the 25th and 75th percentiles for admitted students. This will tell you the range of scores that the middle 50% of accepted students have. You’re generally a safer applicant if you fall in this middle 50% than if you’re in the bottom 25% of students. Another factor to consider is that each school will weigh applicants’ SAT scores a bit differently in the application process. Schools like Washington University in St. Louis, for example, are well known for heavily favoring students with excellent scores. Some other schools may forgive below-average test scores if another part of your application impresses the admissions committee (refer to my examples above). There are even schools that don't require test scores at all! If you want to calculate your chances of getting into a particular school, use our admissions pages. You can find these by Googling "[School Name] PrepScholar admissions." These pages will give you more information about the school you're interested in. Finally, if it turns out that your SAT scores just aren't up to par,consider taking the ACT. All four-year US colleges and universities accept ACT scores, and some students strongly feel that they perform better on the ACT than on the SAT. What's Next? If you're considering adding some of these schools to your college application list, you'll want your SAT scores to be the best they can be. Check out our famous guide to getting a perfect 1600 on the SAT, written by an expert perfect scorer. Don't have a ton of time to prep for your SATbut still want to improve your score? Then read our top SAT tips and strategiesto help you improve your exam performance. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: